What is this method of farming called?

Vertical farming grows crops like leafy greens indoors on stacked shelves under LED lighting rather than in open fields, letting growers control temperature, light, and water precisely year-round regardless of outside weather. Because water can be recirculated in a closed system rather than soaking into open ground, this cuts the amount needed compared to traditional agriculture.

Terrace farming instead carves stepped, flat platforms into hillsides to grow crops outdoors using sunlight and rainfall, a very different technique suited to sloped natural terrain. Slash-and-burn farming clears land by cutting and burning vegetation before planting, an outdoor and often environmentally destructive practice unrelated to controlled indoor growing.

Despite saving enormous amounts of water, vertical farms still face a major economic hurdle, since running powerful LED lights and climate control systems around the clock consumes a significant amount of energy, keeping costs higher than conventional field farming for now.