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Silicon has dominated solar panels for decades, but researchers keep breaking efficiency records with a cheaper crystal that can be printed in thin layers.
Perovskite solar cells are prized for combining low-cost manufacturing with strong efficiency potential, since the material can be produced cheaply at low temperatures and layered on top of conventional silicon in "tandem" cells to push overall efficiency well beyond what silicon alone can achieve.
Generating power with no light at all contradicts how solar cells fundamentally work, they convert incoming light into electricity, so a cell with no light source would produce nothing. Being completely indestructible outdoors is also inaccurate, durability is actually perovskite's biggest weakness, since the material can degrade when exposed to moisture and heat.
Researchers are racing to solve that durability problem because perovskite's rapid efficiency gains in the lab have outpaced almost any other solar material in recent memory, making it one of the most closely watched technologies in the entire renewable energy field.
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