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At a 2022 United Nations biodiversity summit in Montreal, nearly 200 countries agreed to protect a large share of the world's land and oceans by 2030 to slow the loss of species.
30 percent is the figure nations pledged to protect. The '30 by 30' target commits countries to conserving 30 percent of the world's land and ocean area by the year 2030, an ambitious jump from the much smaller share that was formally protected at the time of the agreement, and it became the headline commitment of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework reached at that UN summit.
10 percent understates the actual target and would be a far more modest ambition than negotiators agreed to, while 70 percent overstates it dramatically, a much larger commitment than any government signed onto at the summit.
Meeting the 30 by 30 goal is widely seen as far more about the quality and connectivity of protected areas than the raw percentage alone, since scattered, poorly enforced reserves do much less for struggling species than well-managed habitat corridors that let wildlife actually move and thrive.
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