science
As the planet warms, two main forces push ocean levels higher: melting ice on land and the fact that water itself takes up more space when it heats up.
Thermal expansion is the process at work: as ocean water absorbs heat from a warming planet, its molecules move more and take up more space, causing the sea to physically expand even without adding a single extra drop of water. This works alongside new water from melting glaciers and ice sheets, and together the two are the main drivers behind observed sea level rise.
Tidal locking describes a moon's rotation matching its orbit, an entirely separate astronomical phenomenon, and capillary action refers to liquid moving through narrow spaces via surface tension, neither of which explains rising oceans.
Because thermal expansion depends on heat the ocean has already absorbed, sea levels keep rising for a long time even if emissions stopped immediately, since the deep ocean takes a very long time to fully respond to past warming.
science
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